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专业解析英语词汇 | 发音+意思+用法一站式教学

词汇解析：hobby的近义词

📚 核心词汇

1. interest (n.) 兴趣

Her main interests are photography and hiking.
她的主要兴趣是摄影和徒步旅行。

2. pastime (n.) 消遣

Reading is a popular pastime among retirees.
阅读是退休人群中流行的消遣方式。

3. pursuit (n.) 追求/爱好

He spends weekends on artistic pursuits.
他把周末时间花在艺术追求上。

4. avocation (n.) 副业爱好

Though a doctor by profession, painting is his avocation.
虽然是职业医生，但绘画是他的副业爱好。

💡 顾老师提示："hobby"指常规休闲活动，"interest"更广泛，"pastime"强调消磨时间，"pursuit"更正式且有追求含义，"avocation"则与主业相对。

🔊 发音指导

interest：/ˈɪntrəst/ [ˈɪn-trəst]

pastime：/ˈpɑːstaɪm/ [ˈpɑːs-taɪm]

pursuit：/pəˈsjuːt/ [pər-ˈsjuːt]

avocation：/ˌævəˈkeɪʃn/ [ˌæ-və-ˈkeɪ-ʃn]

发音要点：

  • "interest"重音在第一个音节，注意"trest"连读
  • "pastime"是合成词，注意"pas"和"time"的连读
  • "pursuit"重音在第二音节，注意"su"发/sjuː/
  • "avocation"有四个音节，重音在第三个

中文谐音参考：

interest：因-戳斯特

pastime：帕斯-泰姆

pursuit：珀-休特

avocation：艾沃-凯-申

💡 顾老师纠音：常见发音错误：

  • 把"pastime"读成"pass-time"（正确是连读）
  • "pursuit"中"su"读成"shu"（正确是/sjuː/）
  • "avocation"重音位置错误（应在"ca"音节）

🎯 用法区别

1. hobby vs interest

Gardening is my hobby (具体活动), but I have wide interests in botany (广泛领域).

2. pastime vs pursuit

Playing cards is just a pastime (消遣), while learning French is a serious pursuit (认真追求).

3. avocation 的特殊用法

His vocation is teaching, but his avocation is woodworking (与主业对比).

搭配注意：

  • take up a hobby/pastime (开始一项爱好)
  • pursue an interest (追求兴趣)
  • cultivate an avocation (培养副业爱好)

📝 随堂练习

1. 选择合适的词填空：

a) Collecting stamps is his lifelong _____. (hobby/pursuit)

b) She has a keen _____ in modern art. (interest/avocation)

2. 听录音跟读：

interest：[ˈɪntrəst] → His main interest is astronomy.

pursuit：[pəˈsjuːt] → Scientific pursuits require patience.

3. 改错：找出使用不当的词

原句：Fishing is his serious avocation.（应用"pursuit"）

修改：Fishing is his serious pursuit.