顾老师英语课堂

专业解析英语词汇 | 同义词+用法+场景一站式教学

近义词解析:崩溃(crash)

📚 近义词分类

1. 系统/技术崩溃

The computer system crashed unexpectedly.
电脑系统意外崩溃

同义词:fail, malfunction, break down, freeze

2. 经济/市场崩溃

The stock market collapsed in 2008.
2008年股市崩盘

同义词:collapse, plummet, tumble, nosedive

3. 精神/情绪崩溃

She had a nervous breakdown after the accident.
事故后她精神崩溃了。

同义词:break down, lose it, fall apart, crack up

4. 物理结构崩溃

The bridge gave way under the heavy load.
桥梁在重压下坍塌了。

同义词:collapse, give way, cave in, buckle

💡 顾老师提示:"崩溃"在不同语境下的英语表达差异很大,技术领域多用crash/fail,经济领域用collapse/plummet,精神层面则用break down/lose it。

🔊 关键发音

crash发音:/kræʃ/ [kræʃ]

collapse发音:/kəˈlæps/ [kəˈlæps]

发音要点:

  • crash:短促有力的发音,注意"æ"音(类似"啊")
  • collapse:重音在第二个音节,结尾"ps"要轻
  • breakdown:注意"ea"发/eɪ/音,"down"要完整发音

中文谐音参考:

crash:克-瑞-嘘(快速连读)

collapse:克-拉-普斯

💡 顾老师纠音:常见发音错误:

  • 错误1:把crash读成"克瑞士"(正确:[kræʃ]
  • 错误2:collapse重音放错位置(正确在第二个音节)
  • 错误3:忽略breakdown中的"d"音

🎯 用法对比

1. crash vs. collapse

The program crashed (突然停止) vs. The economy collapsed (逐渐瓦解)

2. break down vs. lose it

He broke down in tears (情绪失控) vs. She completely lost it (彻底崩溃)

3. malfunction vs. freeze

The engine malfunctioned (功能故障) vs. The screen froze (完全停止响应)

语法注意:

  • crash:可作及物/不及物动词(The car crashed / He crashed the car)
  • collapse:通常不及物(The building collapsed)
  • break down:短语动词,需保持完整

📝 随堂练习

1. 选择合适的近义词:

After working 72 hours straight, the doctor finally ______. (broke down/crashed/collapsed)

2. 听录音跟读:

[kræʃ] → The website crashed during the sale.

[kəˈlæps] → Several banks collapsed in the crisis.

3. 改错:找出使用不当的近义词

原句:The patient crashed after the bad news.(医学上应用"went into shock")

正确:The patient broke down after the bad news.