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近义词解析:趁其不备

📚 中文意思

1. 出其不意(强调意外性)

The army attacked the enemy by surprise.
军队出其不意地袭击了敌人。

2. 攻其不备(强调进攻时机)

We should strike when the opponent is unprepared.
我们应该在对手不备之时发起攻击。

3. 突然袭击(强调行动突然)

The police launched a sudden raid on the hideout.
警方对藏身处发动了突然袭击

4. 乘虚而入(利用对方弱点)

The competitor took advantage of our temporary weakness.
竞争对手乘虚而入

💡 顾老师提示:"趁其不备"的核心意思是"利用对方没有防备的时机",具体使用哪个近义词要根据语境决定。注意"出其不意"偏重意外性,"攻其不备"偏重进攻时机。

🔊 英文对应表达

常见翻译:catch sb off guard [kætʃ ˌɒf ˈgɑːd]

其他表达:take by surprise / strike when unprepared

使用要点:

  • "catch off guard"是最常用表达
  • "take by surprise"强调意外性
  • "strike when unprepared"更书面化
  • 军事语境常用"launch a surprise attack"

例句参考:

The news caught me completely off guard.

这个消息让我完全措手不及

💡 顾老师提示:注意这些常见错误:

  • 错误1:直译为"when not prepared"(不地道)
  • 错误2:混淆"by surprise"和"in surprise"
  • 错误3:过度使用军事术语表达日常情况

🎯 用法总结

1. 军事/竞争场景 → 使用"launch a surprise attack"等

The general decided to attack at dawn.
将军决定在黎明时分趁敌不备发动进攻。

2. 日常生活场景 → 使用"catch off guard"等

Her question caught me off guard.
她的问题让我猝不及防

3. 商业策略场景 → 使用"take by surprise"等

The new product took the market by surprise.
这款新产品出其不意地占领了市场。

语法注意:

  • "catch off guard"常用被动语态:be caught off guard
  • "take by surprise"固定搭配介词"by"
  • "strike when unprepared"后常接时间状语

📝 随堂练习

1. 翻译练习:

"他在对手毫无防备时取得了胜利。"

2. 填空练习:

The thief entered the house ______ (趁主人不备).

Our team won by ______ (出其不意的战术).

3. 改错:找出使用不当的表达

原句:He attacked when his friend didn't prepare.

修改:He struck when his friend was unprepared.