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专业解析英语词汇 | 发音+意思+用法一站式教学

近义词解析:彬彬有礼

📚 中文意思

1. courteous /ˈkɜːrtiəs/ - 彬彬有礼的(强调礼仪周全)

He was courteous enough to hold the door for the elderly lady.
彬彬有礼地为那位老太太扶着门。

2. polite /pəˈlaɪt/ - 有礼貌的(基本礼貌)

It's polite to say "thank you" when receiving help.
接受帮助时说"谢谢"是有礼貌的

3. civil /ˈsɪvəl/ - 文明的(最低限度的礼貌)

Despite their disagreement, they remained civil to each other.
尽管有分歧,他们仍保持文明的态度。

4. well-mannered /ˌwel ˈmænərd/ - 举止得体的(强调教养)

The well-mannered child waited patiently for his turn.
这个举止得体的孩子耐心等待轮到自己。

💡 顾老师提示:"彬彬有礼"的近义词有程度差异:courteous > polite > civil。well-mannered侧重行为表现,gentlemanly/ladylike则特指性别气质。

🔊 发音指导

courteous:/ˈkɜːrtiəs/ [ˈkɜːrtiəs]

polite:/pəˈlaɪt/ [pəˈlaɪt]

civil:/ˈsɪvəl/ [ˈsɪvəl]

well-mannered:/ˌwel ˈmænərd/ [ˌwel ˈmænərd]

发音要点:

  • courteous:注意"our"发/ɜːr/音,类似"er"
  • polite:重音在第二音节,尾音/t/要轻
  • civil:注意"s"发/z/音,类似"zi"
  • well-mannered:连读时"well"的"l"与"mannered"的"m"要连贯

中文谐音参考:

courteous:克-提-厄斯(重读"克")

polite:珀-莱特(重读"莱")

💡 顾老师纠音:常见发音错误:

  • 错误1:把courteous读成"court-ee-us"(正确:[ˈkɜːrtiəs]
  • 错误2:polite重音放错位置(正确在第二音节)
  • 错误3:忽略civil中"s"的浊化

🎯 用法总结

1. 正式场合 → 优先使用courteous/well-mannered

The ambassador gave a courteous reply to the sensitive question.
大使对这个敏感问题作出了彬彬有礼的回应。

2. 日常交流 → 常用polite

It's polite to knock before entering.
进入前敲门是有礼貌的

3. 勉强维持礼貌 → 使用civil

After the argument, they were barely civil to each other.
争吵后,他们只是勉强保持礼貌

搭配注意:

  • courteous:常与service/behavior/reply搭配
  • polite:常用短语polite society/company
  • civil:civil rights/disobedience(固定搭配)
  • well-mannered:多修饰person/child/guest

📝 随堂练习

1. 朗读并翻译:

"A courteous person always considers others' feelings."

2. 听录音跟读:

courteous:[ˈkɜːrtiəs] → The staff provided courteous service.

polite:[pəˈlaɪt] → Children should be taught to be polite.

3. 改错:找出发音错误

学生读:[ˈkɔːrtiəs](错误:第一个元音发音)

正确:[ˈkɜːrtiəs]