词汇对比：happy
📚 近义词
1. joyful (adj.) - 充满欢乐的
The children were joyful on Christmas morning.
孩子们在圣诞早晨充满欢乐。
孩子们在圣诞早晨充满欢乐。
2. cheerful (adj.) - 开朗愉快的
She has a cheerful personality.
她有着开朗愉快的性格。
她有着开朗愉快的性格。
3. delighted (adj.) - 非常高兴的
I was delighted to hear the good news.
听到这个好消息我非常高兴。
听到这个好消息我非常高兴。
4. content (adj.) - 满足的
He is content with his simple life.
他对简单的生活感到满足。
他对简单的生活感到满足。
💡 顾老师提示："happy"是最通用的表达，而"joyful"强调强烈的喜悦，"cheerful"侧重性格开朗，"delighted"表示因某事特别高兴，"content"则强调满足感。
🔀 反义词
1. sad (adj.) - 悲伤的
She felt sad when her friend moved away.
朋友搬走后她感到悲伤。
朋友搬走后她感到悲伤。
2. unhappy (adj.) - 不快乐的
The workers were unhappy with the new policy.
工人们对新政策感到不快乐。
工人们对新政策感到不快乐。
3. miserable (adj.) - 痛苦的
He looked miserable after losing the game.
输掉比赛后他看起来很痛苦。
输掉比赛后他看起来很痛苦。
4. depressed (adj.) - 抑郁的
She felt depressed during the long winter.
漫长的冬季里她感到抑郁。
漫长的冬季里她感到抑郁。
💡 顾老师提示：这些反义词的程度不同，"sad"最通用，"unhappy"较正式，"miserable"程度更深，"depressed"则可能涉及心理健康问题。
🎯 用法对比
1. happy vs. glad
I'm happy to see you. (一般高兴)
I'm glad you could come. (特定场合的喜悦)
I'm glad you could come. (特定场合的喜悦)
2. joyful vs. cheerful
The wedding was joyful. (场合的欢乐)
He's always cheerful. (性格的开朗)
He's always cheerful. (性格的开朗)
3. sad vs. miserable
I feel sad about the news. (一般悲伤)
He's miserable without his family. (极度痛苦)
He's miserable without his family. (极度痛苦)
搭配注意：
- happy/sad + about/with + 名词
- delighted/depressed + at/by + 名词
- joyful/cheerful + 名词 (如 joyful occasion)
📝 随堂练习
1. 选择合适的近义词：
The ______ (happy/joyful) crowd celebrated the victory.
2. 找出反义词：
happy → ______ (sad/unhappy/miserable)
cheerful → ______ (gloomy/depressed)
3. 改错：找出不恰当的用法
She was depressed to receive the award. (错误：depressed应改为delighted)