词汇解析：奖励的近义词
📚 核心词汇
1. reward (n./v.) - 最通用的奖励，强调对行为或成就的回报
She received a reward for her honesty.
她因诚实而获得了奖励。
她因诚实而获得了奖励。
2. prize (n.) - 竞赛或比赛中赢得的奖励
He won first prize in the chess tournament.
他在国际象棋比赛中获得了一等奖。
他在国际象棋比赛中获得了一等奖。
3. award (n./v.) - 正式授予的荣誉或奖项
The Nobel Prize is the highest scientific award.
诺贝尔奖是最高的科学奖项。
诺贝尔奖是最高的科学奖项。
4. bonus (n.) - 额外给予的金钱奖励
Employees received a year-end bonus.
员工们获得了年终奖金。
员工们获得了年终奖金。
💡 顾老师提示：这些词虽然都可译为"奖励"，但使用场景不同。reward最通用，prize侧重竞赛，award更正式，bonus特指金钱奖励。
🔊 发音对比
reward：/rɪˈwɔːd/ [rɪˈwɔːd]
prize：/praɪz/ [praɪz]
award：/əˈwɔːd/ [əˈwɔːd]
bonus：/ˈbəʊnəs/ [ˈboʊnəs]
发音要点：
- reward和award都含"ward"（读作[wɔːd]）
- prize的"pri"读作[praɪ]，类似"普莱"
- bonus重音在第一音节，注意"o"发[əʊ]音
中文谐音参考：
reward：瑞-沃德
prize：普莱兹
award：呃-沃德
bonus：波-纳斯
💡 顾老师纠音：常见错误：
- 把reward读成"瑞沃德"（正确：[rɪˈwɔːd]）
- 混淆award和reward的发音
- bonus读成"邦纳斯"（正确：[ˈboʊnəs]）
🎯 用法辨析
1. reward vs. prize
She got a reward for returning the wallet (非竞赛奖励)
He won a prize in the photography contest (竞赛奖品)
He won a prize in the photography contest (竞赛奖品)
2. award vs. bonus
The Oscar Award ceremony (正式奖项)
Performance-based bonus (绩效奖金)
Performance-based bonus (绩效奖金)
3. incentive (n.) - 激励性奖励（通常为未来行为）
Tax breaks serve as an incentive for investment.
税收减免是投资的激励措施。
税收减免是投资的激励措施。
语法注意：
- reward和award都可作动词：reward sb. for sth./award sb. sth.
- prize和bonus只能作名词
- incentive通常指非物质激励
📝 随堂练习
1. 选择正确的词填空：
a) The Olympic gold medal is the highest ___ (prize/award) in sports.
b) The company offers a ___ (bonus/reward) for employees who refer new hires.
b) The company offers a ___ (bonus/reward) for employees who refer new hires.
2. 听录音跟读：
reward：[rɪˈwɔːd] → The police offered a reward for information.
award：[əˈwɔːd] → She was awarded the scholarship.
3. 翻译练习：
"年度最佳员工将获得额外奖金和奖杯。"
(提示：使用bonus和award)