词汇解析：奚落
📚 基本释义
1. 用尖刻的话讽刺嘲笑
他当众奚落我的穿着打扮。
He publicly ridiculed my clothing.
He publicly ridiculed my clothing.
2. 故意使人难堪的取笑
不要总是奚落别人的缺点。
Don't always mock others' shortcomings.
Don't always mock others' shortcomings.
💡 顾老师提示："奚落"带有明显的贬义色彩，多指居高临下的嘲笑，使用时需注意场合和对象。
🔍 近义词解析
1. 嘲讽 - 更强调讽刺意味
他用尖酸的语言嘲讽对手。
He sneered at his opponent with sarcastic words.
He sneered at his opponent with sarcastic words.
2. 挖苦 - 更隐晦的讽刺方式
她话里有话地挖苦同事。
She made sarcastic remarks about her colleague.
She made sarcastic remarks about her colleague.
3. 讥笑 - 带有明显的嘲笑表情
众人讥笑他的失败。
The crowd jeered at his failure.
The crowd jeered at his failure.
4. 揶揄 - 较为轻松的取笑
朋友间互相揶揄是常事。
It's common for friends to tease each other.
It's common for friends to tease each other.
程度对比：
- 奚落 ≈ 嘲讽 > 挖苦 > 讥笑 > 揶揄
- 奚落/嘲讽：恶意最强
- 揶揄：可能不带恶意
🎯 用法辨析
1. 适用对象差异
• 奚落：多用于上级对下级/强者对弱者
• 揶揄：多用于平辈或朋友间
2. 语气轻重选择
• 严重场合：用"奚落""嘲讽"
• 轻松场合：用"揶揄""打趣"
3. 句式搭配
• 奚落+人："奚落他"
• 嘲讽+事："嘲讽这件事"
• 挖苦+话："话中带挖苦"
💡 顾老师提醒：这些词在翻译成英文时也有区别：
- 奚落：ridicule/mock
- 嘲讽：sneer/deride
- 挖苦：sarcastic remarks
- 揶揄：tease/banter
📝 随堂练习
1. 选择合适的近义词：
"领导当众______他的方案不切实际"
A. 揶揄 B. 奚落 C. 打趣 （答案：B）
2. 判断正误：
"朋友间可以随意奚落" → 正确（错误，应用"揶揄"）
3. 翻译句子：
"She made a sarcastic comment about his new haircut."
（答案：她对他的新发型说了句挖苦的话。）