顾老师英语课堂

专业解析英语词汇 | 发音+意思+用法一站式教学

词汇解析:进步的反义词

📚 核心反义词

1. 退步(regress/retrogress)

His English has regressed since he stopped practicing.
自从停止练习后,他的英语退步了。

2. 落后(fall behind/lag behind)

Our technology lags behind developed countries.
我们的技术落后于发达国家。

3. 倒退(backslide/retreat)

The reform cannot afford to backslide.
改革不能倒退

4. 衰退(decline/deteriorate)

Memory tends to decline with age.
记忆力会随着年龄衰退

💡 顾老师提示:选择反义词时要考虑具体语境:"退步"多用于能力,"落后"强调比较,"倒退"指返回原状,"衰退"侧重逐渐减弱。

🔊 发音对比

退步:/rɪˈɡres/ [rɪˈɡres]

落后:/læɡ bɪˈhaɪnd/ [læɡ bɪˈhaɪnd]

发音要点:

  • "regress"重音在第二个音节(类似"格瑞斯")
  • "lag behind"中"lag"发短音,"behind"重音在第二音节
  • "backslide"注意"sl"连读(/bæk.slaɪd/)
  • "decline"重音在第二音节(/dɪˈklaɪn/)

中文谐音参考:

退步:瑞-格瑞斯

落后:莱格-比汉德

💡 顾老师纠音:常见发音错误:

  • 把"regress"读成"re-gress"(正确:[rɪˈɡres]
  • "decline"重音错放在第一音节(正确在第二音节)
  • "deteriorate"漏读第四个音节(/dɪˈtɪə.ri.ə.reɪt/)

🎯 用法区别

1. 退步 vs 落后

退步:Compared to last year, his grades have regressed.
落后:Our research lags 5 years behind international standards.

2. 倒退 vs 衰退

倒退:The policy change represents a backslide in human rights.
衰退:The patient's condition is deteriorating rapidly.

3. 其他相关表达

停滞不前(stagnate):The project has stagnated for months.
恶化(worsen):The economic situation continues to worsen.

语法注意:

  • "regress/retrogress"为正式用语,日常多用"go backward"
  • "lag behind"可接具体差距:lag 10 years behind
  • "deteriorate"为不及物动词,不能接宾语

📝 随堂练习

1. 选择适当反义词:

After the revolution, the country ______ (progressed/regressed) into chaos.

2. 听录音跟读:

经济衰退:[ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi dɪˈklʌɪn]

技术落后:[tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒi læɡ bɪˈhaɪnd]

3. 改错:找出使用不当的反义词

原句:His health has progressed recently.(应为regressed)

正确:His health has deteriorated recently.