顾老师英语课堂

专业解析英语词汇 | 发音+意思+用法一站式教学

词汇解析:嫉妒的近义词

📚 近义词解析

1. envy (n./v.) - 羡慕/嫉妒

She felt envy at her friend's success.
她对朋友的成功感到羡慕

侧重因他人拥有自己想要的东西而产生的不快

2. resentment (n.) - 怨恨

He harbored resentment towards his privileged colleagues.
他对享有特权的同事心怀怨恨

强调因不公平待遇产生的持续愤怒

3. covetousness (n.) - 贪婪

The covetousness in his eyes was unmistakable.
他眼中的贪婪显而易见。

带有强烈占有欲的嫉妒

4. begrudge (v.) - 吝啬给予/嫉妒

She begrudged him his happiness.
嫉妒他的幸福。

常指不愿看到他人享有某物

💡 顾老师提示:这些词虽然都可表示"嫉妒",但各有侧重:envy强调渴望拥有,resentment强调怨恨情绪,covetousness强调贪婪,begrudge强调不愿给予。

🔊 发音对比

jealousy: /ˈdʒeləsi/ [杰勒西]

envy: /ˈenvi/ [恩维]

resentment: /rɪˈzentmənt/ [瑞怎特门特]

covetousness: /ˈkʌvɪtəsnəs/ [卡维特斯尼斯]

发音要点:

  • jealousy重音在第一音节,注意"jea"发/dʒe/
  • envy注意/v/发音要咬唇
  • resentment重音在第二个音节,注意"sent"发音
  • covetousness注意第一个音节发短音/ʌ/

💡 顾老师纠音:常见错误:

  • 把jealousy读成"杰拉西"(漏掉中间元音)
  • 把envy读成"安菲"(v发成f)
  • 忽略covetousness的第二个音节重音

🎯 用法对比

1. jealousy vs. envy

Jealousy involves three parties, while envy involves two.
嫉妒涉及三方,而羡慕只涉及两方。

2. resentment的特殊用法

She felt deep resentment at being passed over for promotion.
她对被跳过晋升感到深深的怨恨

3. covetousness的圣经用法

"Thou shalt not covet" is one of the Ten Commandments.
"不可贪恋"是十诫之一。

语法注意:

  • jealousy和envy都可作名词,但只有envy可作动词
  • resentment常与介词"at/against"连用
  • covetousness是正式用语,日常较少使用

📝 随堂练习

1. 选词填空:

a) She felt ___ when her sister got the toy she wanted. (envy/resentment)

b) His ___ of his neighbor's car was obvious. (covetousness/begrudge)

2. 翻译句子:

"不要嫉妒他人的成功,而要从中学习。"

3. 辨析差异:

解释jealousy和envy在情感强度上的区别