成语解析:胸有成竹
📚 基本释义
1. 成竹在胸
他面对考试时总是成竹在胸。
He always has well-thought-out plans when facing exams.
He always has well-thought-out plans when facing exams.
2. 心中有数
经理对项目进度心中有数。
The manager knows the score about the project progress.
The manager knows the score about the project progress.
3. 胜券在握
比赛还没结束,他就已经胜券在握。
Before the game ended, he already had victory within his grasp.
Before the game ended, he already had victory within his grasp.
4. 运筹帷幄
将军运筹帷幄之中,决胜千里之外。
The general planned strategies within a command tent and secured victory miles away.
The general planned strategies within a command tent and secured victory miles away.
💡 顾老师提示:"胸有成竹"的核心意思是"事先已有全面考虑和把握",近义词选择要根据具体语境。注意"成竹在胸"偏书面,"心中有数"更口语化。
🔊 发音指导
拼音:xiōng yǒu chéng zhú [ɕjʊ́ŋ jòʊ ʈʂʰɤ̌ŋ ʈʂǔ]
声调:阴平-上声-阳平-阳平
发音要点:
- "胸":注意"x"是舌面前音,不要发成英语的"sh"
- "有":上声要完整,先降后升
- "成":翘舌音"ch",不要发成平舌
- "竹":注意"zh"是卷舌音,韵母"u"要圆唇
发音分解:
xiōng(胸) - yǒu(有) - chéng(成) - zhú(竹)
💡 顾老师纠音:常见发音错误:
- 错误1:"成"读成平舌音cen(正确:chéng)
- 错误2:"竹"读成zu(正确:zhú)
- 错误3:四个字读成一样重音(正确:轻重格式为"中重中重")
🎯 用法辨析
1. 成竹在胸 vs 胸有成竹
"成竹在胸"更强调结果,"胸有成竹"侧重状态
例:他成竹在胸地完成了演讲(√)
他胸有成竹地走向考场(√)
例:他成竹在胸地完成了演讲(√)
他胸有成竹地走向考场(√)
2. 心中有数 vs 胸有成竹
"心中有数"程度较轻,"胸有成竹"把握更大
例:对基本数据心中有数(√)
对夺冠胸有成竹(√)
例:对基本数据心中有数(√)
对夺冠胸有成竹(√)
3. 胜券在握 vs 胸有成竹
"胜券在握"多用于竞争场合,"胸有成竹"适用范围更广
例:选举胜券在握(√)
解题胸有成竹(√)
例:选举胜券在握(√)
解题胸有成竹(√)
语法注意:
- 多作谓语、状语:他胸有成竹 | 胸有成竹地回答
- 可作定语:胸有成竹的样子
- 不用于否定句(×没有胸有成竹)
📝 随堂练习
1. 用近义词改写句子:
"他对这次谈判胸有成竹。"
改写:他对这次谈判______。
改写:他对这次谈判______。
2. 判断正误:
A. "胸有成竹"可以用于否定句(×)
B. "运筹帷幄"多用于军事策划(√)
3. 选择最合适的近义词:
比赛前,教练______地布置战术。
A. 胸有成竹 B. 心中有数 C. 胜券在握