成语解析：言不由衷
📚 基本释义
1. 基本含义
他说的话言不由衷，明显是在敷衍。
His words were not from the heart, obviously perfunctory.
His words were not from the heart, obviously perfunctory.
2. 深层含义
在官场中，很多人不得不言不由衷。
In official circles, many people have to speak insincerely.
In official circles, many people have to speak insincerely.
3. 情感色彩
她言不由衷的道歉让人更加生气。
Her insincere apology made people even angrier.
Her insincere apology made people even angrier.
💡 顾老师提示："言不由衷"强调内心真实想法与口头表达不一致，带有贬义色彩。近义词有"口是心非"、"表里不一"。
🔊 发音指导
拼音：yán bù yóu zhōng [言不由衷]
发音要点：
- "言"：阳平声，发音饱满
- "不"：去声，短促有力
- "由"：阳平声，注意与"油"区分
- "衷"：阴平声，舌尖抵住下齿龈
发音技巧：
四字成语要注意节奏：2-2停顿（言不/由衷）
💡 顾老师纠音：常见发音错误：
- 错误1："衷"读成"中"(zhōng)（正确：zhōng）
- 错误2：把"不由"连读成"bou"
- 错误3：重音位置错误（应在"衷"字）
📜 典故出处
《左传·隐公三年》
"信不由中，质无益也。"
意思是：如果诚信不是发自内心，那么人质也没什么用。
意思是：如果诚信不是发自内心，那么人质也没什么用。
演变过程
从"信不由中"演变为"言不由衷"，意义从"诚信"扩展到"言语"。
文化背景：
- 反映了儒家"言行一致"的道德要求
- 常用于批评虚伪、敷衍的言行
🎯 用法总结
1. 作谓语
他表面上赞同，实则言不由衷。
He ostensibly agreed, but in fact his words were insincere.
He ostensibly agreed, but in fact his words were insincere.
2. 作定语
这是一次言不由衷的表态。
This was an insincere statement.
This was an insincere statement.
3. 作状语
他言不由衷地夸了几句。
He praised insincerely a few words.
He praised insincerely a few words.
语法注意：
- 多用于书面语
- 常与"地"、"的"等助词搭配使用
📝 随堂练习
1. 造句练习：
用"言不由衷"描述一个社交场合的情景。
2. 典故理解：
《左传》中"信不由中"与"言不由衷"有什么联系？
3. 近义词辨析：
"言不由衷"与"口是心非"的异同点是什么？