顾老师英语课堂

专业解析英语词汇 | 发音+意思+用法一站式教学

词汇解析:公平的反义词

📚 主要反义词

1. 偏见(Prejudice)

The judge showed prejudice against the defendant.
法官对被告表现出偏见

2. 歧视(Discrimination)

Racial discrimination is illegal in many countries.
种族歧视在许多国家是非法的。

3. 偏袒(Favoritism)

The teacher was accused of favoritism towards certain students.
这位老师被指控偏袒某些学生。

4. 不公(Injustice)

The decision was an obvious injustice to the workers.
这个决定对工人明显不公

💡 顾老师提示:这些反义词在使用时要注意程度差异:"偏见"是主观态度,"歧视"是具体行为,"偏袒"是关系性不公,"不公"是结果性描述。

🔊 英语表达发音

Prejudice:/ˈpredʒədɪs/ [ˈpredʒədɪs]

Discrimination:/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ [dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn]

发音要点:

  • Prejudice:重音在第一个音节,注意"dʒ"的发音
  • Discrimination:重音在第二个音节,注意"crɪ"的连读
  • Favoritism:/ˈfeɪvərɪtɪzəm/,注意美式发音中"t"的浊化
  • Injustice:/ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/,注意"n"和"dʒ"的连读

中文谐音参考:

Prejudice:普-热-杰-迪斯

Discrimination:迪-斯克里-米-内-申

💡 顾老师纠音:常见发音错误:

  • Prejudice误读为"普瑞-朱迪斯"(正确:[ˈpredʒədɪs]
  • Discrimination漏读第二个"i"音
  • Injustice忽略"dʒ"的爆破音

🎯 用法对比

1. 偏见 vs 歧视 → 态度与行为的区别

Prejudice is an attitude, while discrimination is an action.
偏见是一种态度,而歧视是一种行为。

2. 偏袒 vs 不公 → 过程与结果的区别

Favoritism leads to injustice.
偏袒会导致不公

3. 系统性不公(Systemic injustice) → 制度层面的不公平

The report exposed systemic injustice in education.
这份报告揭露了教育中的系统性不公

语法注意:

  • Prejudice:可数名词,常用搭配"have a prejudice against"
  • Discrimination:不可数名词,常用"racial/gender discrimination"
  • Favoritism:不可数名词,常与"show/practice"搭配

📝 随堂练习

1. 朗读并翻译:

"Prejudice is the child of ignorance." (William Hazlitt)

2. 听录音跟读:

Prejudice:[ˈpredʒədɪs] → We must overcome our prejudices.

Discrimination:[dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn] → Laws prohibit workplace discrimination.

3. 改错:找出使用错误

错误:He showed a discrimination against women.(discrimination不可数)

正确:He showed discrimination against women.